Reference: https://communities.intel.com/message/258584#258584

On the Edison you wish to clone:

1. Create a place to mount a USB flash drive. I did 'mkdir /mount/usbdrive'

2. Plug in a USB drive to the USB OTG port, using a suitable OTG adapter cable and a powered USB hub.

3. Mount the USB drive: 'mount /dev/sda1 /media/usbdrive'

4. Create the compressed image: 'dd bs=4M if=/dev/mmcblk0 | gzip > /media/usbdrive/Edison_backup.gz'

Step 4 took about 35 minutes. (with bs=1M, it takes a lot longer)

On a brand-new Edison, right out of the box:

5. Connect via USB. I'm connecting with a Linux system, so: 'screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200'

6. Create a place to mount a USB flash drive. I did 'mkdir /mount/usbdrive'

7. Plug in a USB drive to the USB OTG port, using a suitable OTG adapter cable and a powered USB hub.

8. Mount the USB drive: 'mount /dev/sda1 /media/usbdrive'

9. Transfer the image to the new Edison: 'gzip -dc /media/usbdrive/Edison_backup.gz | dd bs=4M of=/dev/mmcblk0'

Step 8 took another 35 minutes.

After step 9, the new Edison responds to every line command with a "segmentation error" indication. However, after a power cycle, the new Edison comes up as a perfect clone of the old Edison. It also got the partitioning right. On my old Edison, I flashed it with a 1GB root ('/') partition. The cloning resulted a 1GB root as well. The only difference was that when connecting to the new Edison wirelessly, my router assigned a different IP address to it, since it had a different MAC address.